top of page
Image by Peter Burdon

What is Autism?

What is Autism?

Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts with others, and experiences the world around them. It is called a "spectrum" because it looks different for everyone—people can have a wide range of strengths, challenges, and support needs.

​

Key Characteristics of Autism:

​

1. Social Communication Differences

  • May struggle to understand social cues like facial expressions or tone of voice

  • Prefer clear, direct communication

  • May find it difficult to make or keep friends

  • Can feel overwhelmed in social situations

  • ​

2. Repetitive Behaviours and Routines

  • Like routines and predictability

  • May repeat movements (like rocking or hand-flapping)

  • Often have strong, focused interests

  • ​

3. Sensory Processing Differences

  • May be very sensitive to sounds, lights, smells, touch, or taste

  • Might avoid certain environments or seek out specific sensations

  • Sensory differences can affect mood, attention, and comfort

  • ​

4. Differences in Play and Imagination (especially in children)

  • May prefer structured or solitary play

  • Might find pretend play difficult or less interesting

  • Often enjoy playing in unique or repetitive ways

  • ​

Important Facts About Autism:

  • Autism is lifelong, but support needs may change over time

  • Autism is not a disease—it's a different way of thinking and experiencing the world

  • Autism is not caused by parenting

  • Many autistic people also experience ADHD, anxiety, or learning differences

  • Autism is part of neurodiversity—meaning different, not broken

​

Diagnosis:

  • Often diagnosed in childhood, but some people are diagnosed as teens or adults

  • Diagnosis involves observing behaviour and development, often by a specialist team

  • ​

Support for Autistic People May Include:

  • Speech and language therapy

  • Occupational therapy (especially for sensory needs)

  • Support at school (e.g. an EHCP or extra adult help)

  • Emotional regulation strategies

  • Sensory tools and calm environments

bottom of page